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Domestic Violence Community Policing Resources

Carol Sullivan

Jane Sadusky

Published: Compiled for the Community Policing & Domestic Violence: COPS Test Site Conference, October 30 - November 1, 2000 in Albuquerque, NM

Notes

The Battered Women's Justice Project is a national resource center providing technical assistance on the civil and criminal justice response to domestic violence.

Transforming Communities is a California domestic violence prevention resource center that provides training and technical assistance to organizations and individuals working to promote safety and justice for women and girls.

Table 1. Contact Information

Battered Women's Justice Project Criminal Justice Center 4032 Chicago Avenue, South Minneapolis, MN 55407 1-800-903-0111 or 612-824-8768 Fax: 612-824-8965 http://www.vaw.umn.edu/library/bwjp/Transforming Communities Technical Assistance and Training Project 1717 Fifth Avenue San Rafael, CA 94901 415-457-2464 Fax: 415-457-6457 www.transformcommunities.org

Articles

Working Effectively with the Police: A Guide for Battered Women's Advocates (article by Jane Sadusky). Battered Women's Justice Project, 1994.

This practical, easy-to-read article highlights key pointers domestic violence advocates need to keep in mind in order to work collaboratively and effectively with police officers and other law enforcement personnel in addressing domestic violence in local communities. Available free from the Violence Against Women Online Resources website: http://www.vaw.umn.edu/documents/bwjp/policev/policev.html .

Police Officer Domestic Violence Concepts and Issues Paper (concept paper). International Association of Chiefs of Police, 1999.

This concept paper discloses the thinking behind the 1999 model policy established by the IACP National Law Enforcement Policy Center to cover situations in which police officers themselves are perpetrators of domestic abuse, either on duty or off. Philosophical considerations and requirements for adapting and implementing the model policy in local law enforcement jurisdictions are covered. Available free from the IACP web site: http://www.theiacp.org/ .

Implementing Community Policing, Malcolm K. Sparrow, National Institute of Justice and Harvard University, Perspectives in Policing Series, 1988. NCJ 114217

Good statement of the core elements of community policing and implementation challenges. Available from the Battered Women's Justice Project Criminal Justice Center, Minneapolis, MN, 1-800-903-0111, Prompt 1. Or, the National Criminal Justice Reference Service, e-mail puborder@ncjrs.org ; use the NCJ number to order. (800) 851-3420.

Books

Community Policing: How to Get Started, Robert Trojanowicz &Bonnie Bucqueroux, Anderson Publishing Company, 1994.

Basic guide to implementing community policing.

Coordinating Community Responses to Domestic Violence: Lessons from Duluth and Beyond, Melanie Shepard &Ellen Pence, eds., Sage Publications, 1999.

Drawing on twenty-five years of experience in developing the community coordinated response idea, it includes articles on eight key components, from policy development to evaluation, and examines issues around adaptation of the idea in other communities.

Problem-Oriented Policing, Herman Goldstein, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1990.

Goldstein's SARA model for problem solving has been widely adapted by community policing. The book defines the process: scan, analyze, respond, and assess. It also includes a critique of the conditions in policing that produced problem-oriented and community-oriented policing, plus a discussion of the changes in police culture and management that need to occur for the new approaches to succeed.

Pamphlets, Booklets, Handouts

An Advocate's Guide to Full Faith and Credit for Orders of Protection. (booklet). Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence.

This booklet offers clear, concise explanations of the "Full Faith And Credit" provision of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, along with tips for advocates on how to use the federal law to protect domestic violence victims. Includes lists of resources to contact for technical assistance and expertise on interstate enforcement of restraining orders plus tribal issues, custody issues and immigration issues. Available free from the Full Faith and Credit Project of the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence (PCADV) by phoning: (800) 256-5883 x2 and at http://www.vaw.umn.edu/documents/ffc/pcadv/pcadv.pdf .

A Community Checklist: Important Steps to End Violence Against Women. Violence Against Women Office (VAWO) 1999.

Designed to involve the whole community in domestic violence awareness and action, this checklist provides a series of steps that different segments of the community can take to end violence against women--including religious communities, colleges and universities, law enforcement, health care professionals, sports and media groups, employers and co-workers. Available free from the Violence Against Women Office web site at: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo/communities.htm (*As of 8/8/11, this resource is no longer available online).

Community Checklist for Reaching Underserved Communities, National Training Center on Domestic and Sexual Violence, 1999.

Developed for a presentation at the Millennium Conference, the checklist provides a tool for conducting a side-by-side comparison of the community and domestic violence services, plus suggestions for identifying and working with partners. Contact the National Training Center of Domestic and Sexual Violence, Austin, TX. Phone 512-407-9020. http://www.ncdsv.org .

COPS Worksheet: Community Policing Information, USDOJ Office of Community Policing Services.

Designed as a tool for a police agency to rank major public safety issues (domestic violence is included) and to assess and plan implementation of community policing. It includes sections on crime prevention, problem-solving efforts, and community partnerships. It could be adapted for a more specific domestic violence focus. Available via the COPS Website: http://www.usdoj.gov/cops . Go to the Grantee Toolbox, Commonly Requested Forms.

First Response to Victims of Crime: A Handbook for Law Enforcement Officers on How to Approach and Help Elderly Victims, Victims of Sexual Assault, Child Victims, Victims of Domestic Violence, Survivors of Homicide Victims. (Information packet). Rockville, MD: Office for Victims of Crime, 2000.

This brief, 17-page handbook offers law enforcement officers basic guidelines to observe when approaching and interacting with five categories of crime victims: elderly victims, sexual assault victims, child victims, domestic violence victims, and surviving relatives of homicide victims. The emphasis is on providing a sensitive and humane response in traumatic situations. Available free from the National Criminal Justice Reference Services (NCJRS) by phoning (800) 851-3420 or visiting the Office of Victims of Crime (OVC) web site at: www.ncjrs.gov/ovc_archives/reports/firstrep/welcome.html .

Problem Solving in Practice: Implementing Community Policing in Chicago, Wesley Skogan, et.al., NIJ Research Report, National Institute of Justice, April 2000. NCJ 179556

Chicago's shift to community policing, the Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy (CAPS), is under extensive review by the Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern University and its partners. This is an accessible look at efforts to introduce the CAPS problem-solving model, and the factors that influence change in a police agency. While not specific to domestic violence, the information about change and resistance is very useful. Available on-line at the NIJ Web site: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij . Go to Publications, then Law Enforcement. Order printed copies from the National Criminal Justice Reference Service; puborder@ncjrs.org ; use the NCJ number to order. (800) 851-3420.

Handbooks and Manuals

Challenge and Change: Organizing Domestic Violence Intervention Projects, Jane Sadusky, Wisconsin Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 1987.

Analyzes experiences with coordinated community intervention and implications for battered women's programs. Examines elements of change and resistance within key systems: shelter and advocacy, criminal justice, civil justice, and abuser programs. Thirteen years later, the first section and its cautions for implementation are particularly relevant in the context of community policing applications and the widespread emergence of coordinating councils. Available for $30.00 from WCADV, 307 S. Paterson St., Suite 1, Madison, WI 53703. Phone 608-255-0539.

Confronting Domestic Violence: Effective Police Response (manual). Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 1990.

Still useful, informative and practical after ten years, this manual highlights key elements of a model policy for a police response to domestic violence, including penal codes, police officer safety, investigation, and victim safety. Available from the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence by phoning (800) 537-2238 or sending an e-mail to: cjl@pcadv.org .

The Duluth Safety and Accountability Audit: A Guide to Assessing Institutional Responses to Domestic Violence, Ellen Pence and Kristine Lizdas, Minnesota Program Development, 1998.

An audit is a community problem-solving model developed in the context of victim safety and offender accountability. his guide defines an audit and provides directions for preparing for an audit, training the team, and implementing the recommendations. available for $35.00 plus shipping from the Duluth Domestic Abuse Intervention Project, 218-722-2781. For information about audit training and on-site audits, contact Praxis International, 218-722-4820.

Evaluation Handbook for Community Mobilization: Evaluating Domestic Violence Activism, Transforming Communities/Marin Abused Women's Services, 2000

Guide to evaluating community-based domestic violence organizing. Includes evaluation exercises, working with data, research and working with professional evaluators, and sample tools and surveys. Recently published. For purchase information call (415) 457-2464; e-mail inquiries to orders@transformcommunities.org .

Full Faith and Credit: Passport to Safety (conference monograph; 2nd printing). Reno, NV: National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, 1998.

This densely packed monograph includes conference papers on various aspects of the Full Faith and Credit provision of the 1994 Violence Against Women Act, with commentary from experts in the field and bibliographies. Available free from the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges by phoning (800) 527-3223.

Investigation and Prosecution of Domestic Violence (1st edition). Sacramento, CA: California District Attorneys Association, 1998.

This manual provides a wealth of detailed legal and procedural information for prosecutors and investigators of domestic violence and family violence crimes within the state of California. Includes information about stalking, elder and child abuse, charging protocols, lethality assessments, and much more. Available from the California District Attorneys Association by phoning (916) 443- 2017.

Promising Practices and Strategies for Victim Services in Corrections. (manual). Rockville, MD: National Center for Victims of Crime/OVC Resource Center, 1999.

A manual for advocates and community members who want to work with corrections officers and parole officers on improving services for victims of crimes (not just domestic violence) who are impacted by corrections and paroling actions, such as release notification policies, restitution collections policies, etc. Includes extensive lists of web-sites for state and federal agencies, victim related organizations, corrections departments, and victim compensation programs Available free from Office of Victims of Crime Resource Center web site: http://www.ncjrs.org or by phoning the OVC office at (800) 627- 6872.

Understanding Community Policing: A Framework for Action, Community Policing Consortium and USDOJ Bureau of Justice Assistance, August 1995. NCJ 148457

A comprehensive guide to the roots, core components, and strategies for implementing community policing. There is also a companion curriculum available via the Consortium (see Training Curricula section of this guide). Available on-line via the Community Policing Consortium, http://www.communitypolicing.org . Go to Resource Toolbox. Or, order via the National Criminal Justice Reference Service, puborder@ncjrs.org ; use the NCJ number to order. (800) 851-3420.

Policies and Protocols

Coordinated Community Response to Domestic Assault Cases: A Guide for Policy Development (manual; revised edition). Duluth, MN: Domestic Abuse Intervention Project, 1996.

This manual is a classic. Created by the Duluth Abuse Intervention Project (DAIP) that originated the coordinated community response to domestic violence model, it offers both a theoretical rationale and practical tips for reproducing the model locally. Available from the Duluth Abuse Intervention Project by phoning (218) 722-2781.

Family Violence: A Model State Code. (manual) Reno, NV: National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, 1994.

This model state code offers a fairly comprehensive set of provisions for criminal penalties and procedures, civil orders of protection, recommended statutes and provisions regarding custody, visitation, and mediation practices and continuing education requirements for judges, prosecutors, law enforcement officers, attorneys and health care providers. Available free from the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges by phoning (800) 527-3223.

Police Officer Domestic Violence (model policy). International Association of Chiefs of Police, 1999.

A set of guidelines and procedures for police and sheriff's departments for cases in which officers and deputies are themselves the perpetrators of domestic abuse. Available free from the IACP web site: www.theiacp.org .

Training Curricula

Community Policing Consortium Curricula, Community Policing Consortium, 1995.

Designed as a companion piece to the Consortium's community policing guide, Understanding Community Policing: A Framework for Action. The curricula consists of six modules which can be downloaded separately. A Framework for Community Policing

  1. Mobilizing the Community for Action

  2. Collaborative Partnerships

  3. Community Problem-Solving

  4. Managing Organizational Change

  5. Strategic Planning

  6. Elements of the Planning Document

Available via the Consortium's Web site: http://www.communitypolicing.org .

Community Policing to Reduce and Prevent Violence Against Women: Training Curriculum &Resource Guide, Police Executive Research Forum, 1998.

Geared toward police leadership and policy-makers, the curriculum presents an approach for linking community policing and domestic violence, building off the "Ten Community Policing Principles" defined by Robert Trojanowicz and Bonnie Bucqueroux. Available via Violence Against Women Online Resources, http://www.policing.com/articles/pdf/COMMUNITY%20POLICING%20CHECKLIST.pdf .

Domestic Violence: The Law Enforcement Response. (curriculum/instructor's manual with four videos). Duluth, MN: Duluth Domestic Abuse Intervention Project and Law Enforcement Resource Center, 1998.

Available from the Duluth Abuse Intervention Project/Minnesota Program Development, Inc. by phoning (218) 722-2781.

Domestic Violence: Train the Trainer Manual (curriculum). Danville, IN: Breaking the Cycle, Inc. , 2000.

Available from the Breaking the Cycle Inc. web site at: http://www.breakingthecycleinc.com .

Partnership in Protection: Community Policing to Combat Domestic Violence, Maine Criminal Justice Academy in partnership with Maine Coalition for Family Crisis Services and the Muskie School of Public Service, 1998.

Geared toward patrol officers and first responders, the curriculum includes a "Common Ties" exercise identifying commonalities in the lives of battered women and police officers. It pays attention to victim safety, prevention, investigation, case preparation, prosecution, and offender accountability. For information about availability, contact the Maine Criminal Justice Academy, 207-877-8008.

Videos

Beyond Awareness to Action (video). Transforming Communities/Marin Abused Women's Services, 1995.

This 23 minute film features dramatic scenes showing various ways that violence and abusive control manifest in family and dating relationships and how friends, neighbors, and family members can intervene and prevent domestic violence. For purchase information, contact Transforming Communities/Marin Abused Women's Services at (415) 457-2464 or via e-mail at: orders@transformcommunities.org.

COPPS: Community Oriented Policing and Problem Solving, California Department of Justice, Attorney General's Office, in conjunction with California Image Marketing, (800) 982-1420

COPPS: Building Safer Communities (video), California Attorney General's Office, 2000.

This 17-minute video includes vignettes depicting how different groups have used community policing principles to solve neighborhood problems. Relationship abuse is not addressed directly in this video but several of the principles are applicable to partnerships working to end domestic violence. Available from California Image Marketing by phoning (800) 982-1420.

Stopping Violence Against Women Using New Federal Laws (video and study guide). American Bar Association Center for Continuing Legal Education, 1996.

Available from the American Bar Association Services Center by phoning (800) 285-221.

Software and Other Resources

Crime Victimization Survey, Bureau of Justice Statistics and Office of Community Oriented Policing, 2000

Designed so that agencies can collect information on criminal victimization, citizen attitudes toward police, willingness to report crimes, and the impact of community policing strategies, using valid telephone surveys. While the pre-set questions do not specifically address domestic violence, the survey could be modified for that purpose. Users can add, remove, and customize survey questions. Download free of charge from the BJS Web Site: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs , under What's New. Also available via CD-ROM for $12.95 (which includes the 300+ page User's Manual) . Download an order form or contact the BJS Clearinghouse at (800) 732-3277.

Conducting Community Surveys: A Practical Guide for Law Enforcement Agencies, Bureau of Justice Statistics, October 1999. NCJ 178246

This is a companion publication to the software that provides a basic guide for conducting community surveys. Included with the CD-ROM. Or, via NCJRS (e-mail puborder@ncjrs.org ) ; use the NCJ Number to order.

Community Mobilization for Domestic Violence Prevention: Organizing Kit, Transforming Communities/Marin Abused Women's Services, 1998

Information on legal activism, campaign planning, surveys, case studies, and examples of community mobilization. Available for $30.00 plus shipping from Transforming Communities/Marin Abused Women's Services, (415) 457-2464; e-mail inquiries to orders@transformcommunities.org .

Internet Sites

Many of the resources listed above, plus related publications, are available free of charge via the following Web sites.

Community Policing Consortium (a project of the International Association of Chiefs of Police, Police Executive Research Forum, National Sheriffs' Association, and the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives): http://www.communitypolicing.org .

COPS Office (U.S. Department of Justice): http://www.usdoj.gov/cops .

International Association of Chiefs of Police: http://www.iacp.org .

National Criminal Justice Reference Service: http://www.ncjrs.org .

Violence Against Women OnLine Resources (sponsored by the Violence Against Women Office and University of Minnesota): http://www.vaw.umn.edu .