Table of contentsDrug-Facilitated Sexual Assault
Agenda
What is Drug-Facilitated Rape?
Challenges Surrounding the Investigation
Challenges with Drugs that are Used
Drugs Reportedly Used to Commit DFR
Slide 7
Fate of Drugs in Body
Where is the Drug ??? The Toxicological Problems
Challenges Surrounding Reporting of the Crime
El Sohley Study: Time of Collection vs % Positives
Slide 12
Challenges with Evidence Collection
Challenges with Laboratory Methodologies
Interpreting Results
Slide 16
What Makes Ethanol a Good DFR Drug
Pharmacology of Ethanol
Slide 19
Benzodiazepines
Sources of Benzodiazepines
What Makes Benzodiazepines Good DFR Drugs
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol®)
Flunitrazepam
Slide 25
Pharmacology of Flunitrazepam
Slide 27
Clonazepam (Clonapin®, Rivotril®)
Alprazolam (Xanax®)
Triazolam (Halcion®)
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Introduction - GHB
History of GHB
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Pharmacology of GHB
GBL and 1,4-Butanediol Abuse
What Makes GHB a Good DFR Drug
Slide 41
Hallucinogens
Slide 43
Ketamine
What Makes Ketamine a Good DFR Drug
Slide 46
What Makes Marijuana a Good DFR Drug
Slide 48
Opiates
What Makes Opiates Good DFR Drugs
Slide 51
Amitriptyline (Elavil®)
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®)
Chloral Hydrate
Zolpidem (Ambien®)
Telazol®
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Recommendations for Victims of DFR
Recommendations for Medical Professionals
Recommendations for Toxicologists
Conclusions
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Using Expert Testimony
1. Toxicologist: tests the urine sample in the lab
2. Pharmacologist: use especially when there is no urine sample
3. Chemist: (may not need this witness)
What if no blood or urine sample? AKA REALITY
EXAMPLE: Virginia Law
A Thorough Investigation is absolutely crucial!!! Teamwork is the Key… It starts with a properly trained Police Officer
Ask the sexual assault victim :
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Other factual witnesses
Drafting a Search Warrant Items to look for:
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Pretext phone calls: (Getting the suspect to admit to any part of the crime) check the statute regarding the taping of conversations
Setting Up a “Controlled Buy”
IN ORDER TO SET UP A CONTROLLED BUY
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In order to set up a controlled Buy
“It’s important to work together with victim advocates.”
CONCERNS OF THE SEXUAL ASSAULT ADVOCACY COMMUNITY REGARDING THE USE OF THE “FULL DRUG SCREEN”
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Voluntary Consumption
FOCUS ON:
Teamwork
There are many potential crimes that a suspect could be charged with:
Other Potential Charges
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